Study of the formation and development of the ancient architectural context of the city of Tun (Ferdows) in the Islamic period based on historical evidence and archaeological evidence

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Invited lecturer in the Department of Archeology, Birjand University

2 Visiting lecturer of the Department of Archeology of Torbat Heydarieh University

3 General Department of Cultural Heritage of South Khorasan

4 Faculty of Arts, Birjand University

5 Archeology graduate of Birjand University

10.22080/jiar.2023.25293.1036

Abstract

The historical context of the city of Tun (Ferdows) is one of the valuable textures of South Khorasan during the historical and Islamic period. In this article, the process of formation and physical-spatial growth of this city is discussed. Although this texture was severely damaged by the earthquake of 1968, but the surviving buildings and then the excavations and archaeological excavations carried out in the area of this ancient city, showed its greatness in the past, so that In the early written sources of the Islamic era, it is mentioned as one of the most important cities of Qohestan. Suitable geographical location, including sufficient water and fertile soil, the location of the city in an important communication route and the formalization of the Shiite religion in the Safavid period has played the most important role in the formation and development of the city. The favorable environmental conditions of the city of Tun have caused this city to be formed in the historical period and to grow and expand in the first centuries of Islam as one of the important cities of Ghohestan, as historians refer to in the first Islamic sources. And with the Mongol invasion of the city of Tun, the growth of the city slowed down and in the Timurid and Safavid periods, with the officialization of the Shiite religion, the city expanded again, which can be seen in the construction of new buildings and neighborhoods in the city Sight.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Journal of Islamic Archaeology studies

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 11 February 2024

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 April 2023
  • Revise Date: 15 May 2023
  • Accept Date: 11 February 2024

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